Are dietary supplements safe?

Dietary supplements can be part of a healthy lifestyle when used appropriately, but safety depends on several factors including quality, dosage, and your individual health situation.

Regulation and quality

In the United States, dietary supplements are regulated by the FDA under the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA). Unlike drugs, supplements do not require pre-market approval for safety and effectiveness. Manufacturers are responsible for ensuring their products are safe and that label claims are truthful. This means quality can vary between brands. Choosing products from reputable manufacturers that undergo third-party testing (such as USP or NSF) can help support quality and safety.

Dosage and interactions

Taking more than the recommended amount can increase the risk of side effects. Some supplements can also interact with prescription or over-the-counter medications, or with other supplements. For example, high doses of vitamin K can affect blood thinners; calcium can interfere with certain antibiotics. If you take medications or have a health condition, talking to your doctor or pharmacist before starting a supplement is important.

When to be cautious

Children, pregnant or nursing women, and people with chronic conditions or upcoming surgery may need extra caution. Some ingredients are not suitable for certain groups. Reading the label, following dosing instructions, and reporting any adverse effects to your healthcare provider help support safe use.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult a healthcare provider before starting or changing any supplement.